RetinaDigest

A combined approach of amniotic membrane coverage over zone 3 exit wounds with early pars plana vitrectomy under low perfusion pressure achieved retinal reattachment in 89.5% of cases and globe survival in 100% of 19 patients with perforating globe injuries, with a low postoperative PVR rate of 10.5%.

In a large propensity-score matched US cohort of type 2 diabetic patients, GABAergic medication use was associated with significantly reduced hazards of diabetic retinopathy development, progression, and complications, with the strongest protective effect observed with short-term (6-month) exposure.

Abstract not available — see full article for details.

In iAMD eyes progressing to cRORA, baseline foveal tomographic lesions predict whether atrophy onset is foveal-first versus extrafoveal-first, with SDD and soft drusen favoring extrafoveal onset and AVL, iRORA, and dPED favoring foveal-first onset.

In eyes with intermediate AMD, hyporeflective core drusen (hypoRCD) alone were not significant predictors of large choroidal hypertransmission defect (hyperTD) formation or progression to atrophy, whereas calcified drusen—with or without hyporeflective cores—remained the key risk factor for progression.

In eyes with intermediate AMD, hyperreflective foci (HRF) were the most frequent site-specific OCT biomarker (74%) preceding the formation of large hypertransmission defects, suggesting HRF may be a critical local precursor to RPE atrophy rather than drusen volume alone.

In a prospective cohort of 395,505 UK Biobank participants, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) was an independent risk factor for incident AMD (HR 1.14), with synergistic amplification of risk in individuals who also carried a high polygenic risk score for AMD (HR 3.26).

Abstract not available — see full article for details.

In this large retrospective cohort study of over 19,000 patients, fellow-eye retinal artery occlusion (RAO) developed in approximately 1 in 25 CRAO patients and 1 in 31 BRAO patients within 5 years, with risk front-loaded in the first several months and distinct systemic versus ocular risk profiles differentiating the two subtypes.

Abstract not available — see full article for details.

OCT-A revealed significantly reduced retinal microvascular perfusion in juvenile SLE patients—particularly those with lupus nephritis—even in the absence of clinically evident retinopathy, with disease activity inversely correlated with vascular density.

Adults aged 19-49 with noninfectious ocular inflammatory diseases on immunosuppression were approximately half as likely to receive the recombinant zoster vaccine compared to immunosuppressed adults ≥50 years, despite CDC recommendations supporting vaccination in both groups.

This perspective article critically examines the historical evolution of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) diagnostic criteria, arguing that the widely adopted 2001 consensus criteria contain fundamental conceptual flaws that have hindered accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of this autoimmune uveitides.

A 59-year-old male presenting with severe unilateral anterior and posterior scleritis was ultimately diagnosed with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), highlighting scleritis as a potential paraneoplastic manifestation of hematologic malignancy.

In this case series of 10 patients with bilateral ocular toxocariasis, onset was consistently asynchronous between eyes with asymmetric severity, and peripheral granulomas were associated with poor visual recovery.

This case report demonstrates that choriocapillaris OCT-angiography can serve as a biomarker of inflammatory activity in acute DUSN, with no-flow areas correlating topographically with ICG hypofluorescent spots, while persistent ganglion cell complex thinning after treatment underscores the need for prompt diagnosis to prevent irreversible neuronal damage.

A prospective cohort study identified a rare fundus phenotype in birdshot chorioretinitis (BSCR) characterized by alternating light and dark fundus zones mimicking choroidal melanocytosis, termed pseudo-choroidal melanocytosis (PCM), observed in 1% of eyes and hypothesized to reflect melanocyte migration or reactivation along a pigmentary continuum.

In a large propensity score-matched cohort of non-infectious uveitis patients, biologic therapy showed higher risks of serious infections and hematologic cytopenias compared to no systemic therapy, but a broadly comparable safety profile to conventional immunomodulatory therapy over five years.

This case report describes a rare transformation of indolent nonprogressive multifocal choroidal lesions (INMCL) into clinically suspected choroidal low-grade malignant lymphoma over seven years, successfully treated with external beam radiotherapy (24 Gy in 12 fractions) resulting in complete resolution of serous retinal detachment and normalization of choroidal thickness.

The ISOLD score demonstrated strong diagnostic performance for vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) in routine clinical practice, achieving 86.8% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity across all intraocular samples, and outperforming the IL-10/IL-6 ratio alone by providing a continuous probabilistic estimate of disease likelihood.

This narrative review demonstrates that multimodal imaging of choroidal lymphoma reveals a consistent pattern of diffuse hyporeflective choroidal infiltration on OCT, multifocal hypofluorescent lesions on ICGA, and secondary RPE alterations, enabling earlier diagnosis and improved differentiation from melanoma, metastasis, and inflammatory choroidopathies.

A pharmacovigilance analysis of FDA adverse event reports revealed distinct ocular safety profiles for tamoxifen and raloxifene: tamoxifen was primarily associated with retinal, optic nerve, and corneal disorders, while raloxifene carried strong signals for retinal vascular and thromboembolic events.