RetinaDigest

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Abstract not available — see full article for details.

This multicenter study characterized 47 eyes with peripapillary retinoschisis (PPRS) and identified 9 distinct etiologies that can be classified into 5 major groups, providing a comprehensive framework for diagnosis and management.

This case-control study of 38 eyes found that the presence of macular detachment in myopic maculoschisis patients does not significantly affect postoperative visual or anatomical outcomes following pars plana vitrectomy.

Inner foveal irregularity (IFI) after vitreomacular detachment is a significant morphologic risk factor for full-thickness macular hole development in fellow eyes, with a 44.4% cumulative risk at 24 months.

This study demonstrates that pores in the inner limiting membrane (ILM) are formed by Müller cell processes extending through the ILM toward the vitreous, which may contribute to epiretinal membrane formation.

Hyperreflective spots (HRS) on OCT increase with epiretinal membrane severity and correlate with visual function in early stages but not advanced stages, suggesting their utility as early prognostic markers.

Gliosis after macular hole surgery with ILM flap technique occurs in 12.3% of cases and is associated with larger hole diameter and worse preoperative visual acuity, though visual improvement still occurs even when gliosis develops.

Heavy silicone oil (HSO) and standard silicone oil (SSO) demonstrate comparable anatomical success rates and visual outcomes in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery, but HSO is associated with significantly higher rates of IOP elevation and emulsification.

Six experienced ophthalmologists showed only moderate agreement (κ=0.57) when classifying posterior vitreous detachment on SD-OCT in patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole, with particularly poor agreement for cases without PVD (κ=0.14).

Aqueous humor proteomics analysis identified distinct molecular signatures at the time of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair that may predict recurrence risk, with upregulated cell adhesion and extracellular matrix proteins in patients who later developed recurrent detachment.

This large retrospective cohort study of 627,434 patients with diabetic retinopathy found significant racial disparities, with Black and Hispanic patients experiencing substantially higher rates of blindness, vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment, and diabetic macular edema compared to other racial groups.

UWF-SS OCTA analysis of 44 eyes post-PRP revealed a dual-pathway mechanism where laser-induced choroidal-derived intraretinal neovascularization (CDIRN) compensates for deep capillary plexus ischemia, preserving retinal perfusion while reducing hypoxia.

Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography leakage index serves as a quantitative biomarker for predicting diabetic retinopathy progression, with baseline leakage and 1-year increases strongly associated with DRSS worsening and vision-threatening complications.

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Baseline microaneurysm reflectivity patterns on SD-OCT predict treatment response in diabetic macular edema, with hyperreflective phenotypes achieving significantly higher complete fluid resolution rates (51.3%) compared to hyporeflective phenotypes (7.4%).

This retrospective study of 306 eyes found that preoperative anti-VEGF injections did not improve visual outcomes, reduce recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, or decrease reoperation rates following pars plana vitrectomy for non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy without tractional detachment.

A retrospective analysis of 798 MacTel patients found that 2% developed exudative macular neovascularization (ExMNV) without preceding pigmentation, challenging the traditional disease progression model.

This large retrospective cohort study of 413,663 matched patients found that migraine is associated with a 2.74-fold increased risk of developing central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) over five years.

Widefield swept-source OCT en face imaging of RPE alterations provides a reliable, noninvasive method for rapidly classifying central serous chorioretinopathy, detecting RPE abnormalities in 88.2% of complex CSCR cases.

Macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) is frequently misdiagnosed (35.8% of cases), most commonly as macular hole, maculopathy, or AMD, though diagnostic delays have significantly decreased from 115 months (2000-2005) to 5.9 months (after 2020).

This study describes Type 4 macular neovascularization (MNV), a new aggressive form of neovascular AMD characterized by mixed Type 1 and 2 neovascularization with extensive intraretinal anastomotic networks and poor visual outcomes despite anti-VEGF therapy.

Researchers developed and validated GAWAIN (Geographic Atrophy Weighted-by-Acuity Index), a novel structural outcome measure that better correlates with visual acuity than traditional GA area measurements by weighting macular regions according to their functional importance.

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Young patients (18-50 years) with retinal vein occlusions and no identifiable risk factors have significantly increased long-term risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke compared to matched controls.

Primary and secondary large retinal capillary aneurysms (LRCAs) have similar imaging characteristics but different treatment responses, with secondary lesions showing better outcomes due to differing pathophysiology.

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This multicenter study of 66 CRB1-associated inherited retinal dystrophy patients identified inflammation-like fundus features as core characteristics, with severity correlating to genotype and outer retinal disruption patterns.

RPGR cone-rod dystrophy patients show significantly faster central retinal sensitivity decline compared to rod-cone patients, with 2-fold higher annual decline rates and earlier total vision loss.

Quantitative contrast sensitivity function testing demonstrates significantly reduced contrast sensitivity in macular telangiectasia type 2 eyes compared to controls, with strong correlations to early structural OCT changes including ellipsoid zone discontinuity and outer retinal alterations.

Patients with Stargardt disease experience significant diagnostic delays averaging nearly 11 years from symptom onset to specialist evaluation, with intermediate-onset patients facing the longest delays and progressive vision loss during this period.

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This study of 233 retinal pigment epithelial hamartomas in 12 FAP patients reveals distinctive multimodal imaging features that differentiate these lesions from solitary CHRPE, including bilateral involvement, higher lesion counts, and characteristic depigmented halos.

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Late-onset retinal detachment in regressed ROP is predominantly rhegmatogenous (95%) with favorable surgical outcomes, while tractional detachments require multiple surgeries and have poorer anatomical success rates.

International expert consensus achieved agreement on 92.3% of statements regarding Coats disease diagnosis and management, with remaining controversies in advanced stage treatment and anti-VEGF therapy benefits.

A Swedish register-based study found that topical dexamethasone eye drops significantly reduced the need for traditional ROP treatments (laser or anti-VEGF) in preterm infants with type 2 ROP, with treatment rates dropping from 72% to 13% at the intervention site.

En bloc excision of extensive subretinal fibrosis through large retinotomy/retinectomy achieves successful retinal reattachment in FEVR patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, with median final visual acuity of 20/66.

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This bibliometric analysis of 180 U.S. academic uveitis specialists found a median relative citation ratio of 1.28, indicating above-average research impact with significant variation by career stage and academic rank but no gender differences.

A retrospective study of 185 eyes with idiopathic multifocal choroiditis/punctate inner choroidopathy (iMFC/PIC) found that 75% had lesion patterns aligned with lacquer cracks, suggesting a mechanically-induced rather than purely inflammatory etiology in highly myopic patients.

Meta-analysis of 202 patients shows switching from originator to biosimilar TNF-α inhibitors for noninfectious uveitis does not increase flare rates, supporting clinical equivalence of biosimilars.

In this South Korean cohort of 382 uveitis patients, T-SPOT.TB positivity (32.7%) was not associated with specific uveitis characteristics or treatment patterns, suggesting it reflects background latent TB infection rather than active ocular involvement.

This registry study of 700 patients found that noninfectious uveitis activity varies significantly across reproductive life stages in women, with peaks during early puberty and perimenopause.

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Weekly adalimumab dosing achieved treatment success in 52% of patients with noninfectious uveitis inadequately controlled on standard biweekly dosing, with posterior uveitis showing better outcomes than panuveitis.

Suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide demonstrated significant anatomical and functional improvements in 61 eyes with noninfectious cystoid macular edema of mixed etiologies, with complete resolution achieved in 58.6% of cases at 1 month.

This retrospective study of 8 patients with relentless placoid chorioretinitis demonstrates that long-term immunosuppressive therapy, particularly methotrexate, can achieve disease control with significant visual improvement (mean 3.4 lines) in all cases.

Suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide injection for uveitic macular edema demonstrated a low 11.8% incidence of ocular hypertension in real-world practice, with patients having prior glaucoma/OHT history at significantly higher risk.

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This meta-analysis of 17 studies (1,032 eyes) found that diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy achieved a 45.5% overall diagnostic yield in undifferentiated uveitis, with significantly higher success rates when guided by pre-operative clinical suspicion for infectious or malignant etiologies.

Patients with idiopathic non-infectious uveitis have a nearly 10-fold increased risk of developing glaucoma compared to matched controls, with highest risk in the first year after diagnosis and among younger patients with panuveitis.

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A new staging system for uveal melanoma combining tumor volume, clinical factors, and genetic alterations provides superior risk stratification compared to traditional anatomical classification, with tumor volume emerging as a powerful prognostic factor.

High-dose intravitreal topotecan (90-100 μg) demonstrated 100% tumor control with no local or systemic complications in 81 consecutive injections for recurrent retinoblastoma across 25 eyes.

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IgG4-positive extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the ocular adnexa represents an aggressive clinical subtype with more extensive local involvement, higher proliferation rates, and significantly increased recurrence risk compared to IgG4-negative cases.

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A 16-day prospective study found that nonmydriatic fundus photography with OCT identified clinically relevant findings in 64% of emergency department patients presenting with vision symptoms, with posterior segment and neurologic disorders comprising 72% of cases.

This retrospective case series of 12 eyes documents direct posterior retinal injuries from intravitreal injections, showing that while rare, these complications can lead to retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy and require prompt surgical intervention.

This multicenter retrospective study of 143 eyes with suprachoroidal hemorrhage found that visual prognosis remains guarded, with concurrent retinal detachment predicting worse outcomes and systemic steroids potentially providing modest visual benefit.

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